Depression

The feelings of low motivation and low energy that characterize depression make it especially hard to take care of yourself and pull yourself out of your slump. Fortunately, even small but consistent efforts toward recovery can yield a significant improvement in your symptoms faster than you might expect.

Key points

In this article

Overview

Depression is the most common mood disorder, affecting about 5 to 10 percent of adults in the United States. It can take away your sense of joy, make it difficult to perform at work, and put strain on important relationships. The positive news is that depression usually responds well to treatment, and many people begin to feel better even without medication.

Symptoms of depression

Depression can look different from person to person, but common symptoms include:

  • Persistent low mood, sadness, or emptiness lasting at least two weeks

  • Loss of motivation and difficulty completing daily tasks

  • Fatigue or lack of energy, even with sufficient rest

  • Changes in appetite or weight due to poor nutrition or irregular eating habits

  • Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed

  • Withdrawing from friends, family, or social activities

Recognize the symptoms of depression.

Recognizing these symptoms is an important step toward healing.

Causes

There is no single explanation for why one person develops depression while another does not. Stressful life events often play a role, such as the end of a relationship, the death of a loved one, losing a job, or navigating major life transitions. Shifts such as becoming a parent, adjusting to an empty nest, or changing careers can all trigger questions about identity and self-worth. Without the right support, these periods of change can leave you vulnerable to depression.

Risk factors

Certain influences increase the likelihood of depression:

  • Genetics: having close relatives with depression

  • Environmental factors: history of trauma, abuse, or lack of supportive connections

  • Biological factors: medical conditions, brain chemistry, or side effects from medication

Diagnosis

Accurate diagnosis is an important first step. Depression comes in many forms, including Seasonal Affective Disorder, postpartum depression, or depression that occurs alongside other medical or mental health conditions. Each requires an approach suited to its cause.

Your healthcare provider will likely review your symptoms, family history, health status, and other contributing factors. In some cases, bloodwork may be ordered to rule out underlying medical conditions. Once physical causes are excluded, your doctor may refer you to a therapist or psychologist for specialized treatment.

Treatment

Treatment for depression depends on what is contributing to your symptoms and how severe they are.

  • If depression is related to another medical condition or medication, your doctor may recommend adjustments.

  • For mild depression, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, and a healthy sleep routine can make a meaningful difference. Psychotherapy, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), can help reduce symptoms and provide lasting coping strategies.

  • For more severe depression, medication may be combined with therapy to help stabilize mood and support recovery.

Even small steps toward treatment can bring significant improvements. Reaching out for help begins the process of healing.

Depression and related concerns

Depression often occurs alongside other challenges, including anxiety, OCD, or the effects of trauma. It can also be triggered by grief, loss, or separation. Some people cope with alcohol or unhealthy behaviors, which may worsen symptoms.

Therapy can help you explore these connections and develop healthier ways of responding. With professional support, it is possible to move beyond depression and create a life with more balance and fulfillment.

Begin your family's healing journey

Taking the first step towards change can be daunting, but you don’t have to do it alone. Dr. Nilsana Charkhande guides your family towards a more harmonious and fulfilling life. If you are ready to begin, please reach out today by calling (604) 500-3443 or filling out the contact form and clicking send. We look forward to hearing from you!

References and further reading

Cuijpers, P., Karyotaki, E., Wit, L., & Ebert, D. (2020). The effects of fifteen evidence-supported therapies for adult depression: A meta-analytic review. Psychotherapy Research.

Cuijpers, P., Oud, M., Karyotaki, E., Noma, H., Quero, S., Cipriani, A., Arroll, B., & Furukawa, T. (2021). Psychologic Treatment of Depression Compared With Pharmacotherapy and Combined Treatment in Primary Care: A Network Meta-Analysis. The Annals of Family Medicine.

Pablo, G., Solmi, M., Vaquerizo-Serrano, J., Raduà, J., Passina, A., Morsillo, P., Correll, C., Borgwardt, S., Galderisi, S., Bechdolf, A., Pfennig, A., Bauer, M., Kessing, L., Amelsvoort, T., Nieman, D., Domschke, K., Krebs, M., Sand, M., Vieta, E., McGuire, P., Arango, C., Shin, J., & Fusar-Poli, P. (2021). Primary prevention of depression: An umbrella review of controlled interventions. Journal of affective disorders.

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